Nutrisi untuk pasien faktur

http://nissa-uchil.blogspot.com/2013/12/makalah-tentang-nutrisi-untuk-pasien.html

Dandruff

Dandruff has beenblamed on a multiplicityof causes,includingdry skin,oily skin,toomuch or toolittle hair washing, diet,stressor hygiene. However, the real causeof dandruffis actually a yeast-like fungus, Malasseziaglobosa,whichliveson your scalp, feedingon skinoils.
Dandruff is sheddedskin; dandruffsufferersshedskinmuch more rapidly than other people.This happens becausethe fungususes enzymescalledlipasesto metabolizethe oils, whichcreatesa by-product called oleic acid. The acid penetratesyour skinand triggersskincell shedding.
A teamof researchersfor Procter& Gamble (manufacturersof Head & Shouldersanti-dandruff shampoo) has sequencedthe DNA of the fungusand analyzed the lipasesit produces.They hope theseinvestigations will eventuallylead to new treatmentsfor dandruff.

Dr. Mercola answer:

This is another classic exampleof blaming an infectiousagent for the “cause” of a disease. Whilethis informationis useful and can be very helpful in treating the problemonceyou have it, thisknowledgereally doesn’t help you understandhow to changethe underlyingreasonswhy you gotthe infection.
You can easily treatthe dandruffinfectionby usingSelsun Blue, whichhas seleniumin it, and leaving it on your scalp overnight.Alternatively you couldalso use Head and Shoulder’sshampoo(zinc is the active ingredient). The key is leaving it on your scalp overnightas the seleniumor zinc will actually kill thisfungus.
However if you eliminatethe fungusyou still needto correctthe reasonwhy they choseyour scalp to invade and multiply.Typically thatis relatedto an imbalancein the fats you are eating.
Dandruff, as well as other dry-skin conditions,can oftenbe a sign thatyou have a fatty acid imbalance. This is a very commonproblem,as your standardAmericandiet(SAD) is far higher in omega-6 than omega-3.
Your ideal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fats is 1:1. But the currentratio of omega-6 to omega-3 in the averageAmericandietvaries from 20:1 to 50:1!
Your primary sourcesof omega-6 are corn, soy, canola, safflower, and sunfloweroil; theseoils are overabundantin your typicaldiet,whichexplains your excessomega-6 levels. Omega-3, meanwhile,is typically foundin flaxseed oil, walnut oil, and fish.
More than 2,000 scientificstudieshave demonstratedthe vast array of healthproblemsassociatedwith omega-3 deficiencies.Usually I talk aboutomega-3 in the contextof improvingbrain function,and preventingchronicdiseaseslike diabetes,arthritis,heart diseaseand cancer.
However, omega-3 deficienciescan also have a negativeimpacton your skin,creatingskin-related problems,suchas:
Eczema
“Alligator” skin
Crackedheels
“Chickenskin” on the backof your arms
Dry, unmanageablehair
Dandruff
Supplementingyour dietwith goodquality omega-3 in the form of krill oil or fish oil couldhelp alleviate thesetroublesomeand uncomfortablesymptoms.
In addition to that,keep in mindthateverythingyou slatheron your skin,and puton your scalp goesinto your bloodstream,and can affect your overall healthand internalbalance. Virtually all of your regular
shampoosand conditionerscontain harmfulchemicalsthatcan createskinirritation,contributingto dry scalp and excessivedandruff.
I recommendbuying organicpersonal-careproductsthatdo notcontain parabensand sodiumlaureth, or lauryl sulfate. The latter two are knowneye and skinirritants.
Instead, look for productsthatcontain naturalantimicrobialand antifungalingredients,suchas grapefruit seed extract,or antioxidantvitamins (A, C and E) thatact as naturalpreservatives,without dangerousside effects.
Following a healthydiet,modifiedto fit your nutritionaltype can also help you balance outyour internal system,and eliminateexcessivefunginaturally.

Sublageal haematoma

sub-galeal haematoma describes bleeding in the potential space between the periosteum and the galea aponeurosis .It most commonly occurs after vacuum assisted delivery,but may also be seen following head trauma. In patients with intracranial haemorrhage or skull fractures,the incidence of subgaleal haemorrhageis increased.

Open head wounds
The first principlein an open head wound is thatwhat may look like a simplescalp wound may have a tear in the dura underneathit. The dura forms an excellentbarrier to infection,so thatwoundswhichgo through it are much more seriousthan thosewhichdo not. Even the mostseeminglytrivial head wound is potentially dangerous.If you neglecta wound of the dura, meningitis,a brain abscessor osteomyelitismay follow. X–rays are useful-much more so than in fracturesof the base. So X–ray all butthe mosttrivial open head injuriesin search of: (1) An open fractureundera penetratingwound. (2) A depressedfractureneeding elevation. (3) A spiculeof bone going throughthe dura whichneedsto be removed.(4) A foreign body. If you suspectthatany of thesefour thingsmightbe present,explorethe patient’sscalp rightdownto the bone.

Figure 63.12 : THE ANATOMY OF THE SCALP AND SOME IMPORTANT LESIONS. A patient’sepidermis(1) is separatedby a fibro–fatty layer of dermis(2), from his strongfibrous galea (3). These threelayers are firmly unitedto oneanother to form his scalp. Under his galea thereis a potentialspace,his subgalealspace (4), whichenableshis scalp to slide over his pericranium(5). Under his pericraniumlies his skull (6), his dura (7), his subdural space(S), his arachnoid(9) his subarachnoidspace(10), and his brain (11). When you anaesthetizea patient’sscalp, inject the solutioninto the fibro-fatty layer, notunderhis galea. Blood or pussometimescollectsin the subgalealspaceand spreadthroughit. An extradural haematomaforms betweenthe skull and dura, and a subdural onebetweenthe dura and the arachnoid.

ARE YOU SURETHEREIS NOPENETRATINGSKULLWOUND?

www.primary-surgery.org/ps/vol2/html/sect0210.html

Psoriasis

Psoriasis on the scalp appears as red, itchy areas with silvery-white scales. You may notice flakes of dead skin in your hair or on your shoulders, especially after scratching your scalp. Don’t let scalp psoriasis interfere with your day-to-day life. Tackle the symptoms – include flaking, scaling and hair loss – with these effective treatment tips.

Of the approximately 7.5 million Americans that suffer from psoriasis, nearly half will experience scalp psoriasis, according to the National Psoriasis Foundation. A chronic conditions that’s characterized by intermittent flare-ups and alternating periods of remission, the effects of scalp psoriasis vary. For some, the condition can be mild, while others experience significant pain and discomfort.
Symptoms of scalp psoriasis   
Psoriasis is a disorder that affects skin at the cellular level, rapidly accelerating the production of cells and causing them to build up on the surface of the skin. Before long, silver, scale-like patches form, and are often accompanied by dryness, itchiness, inflammation and pain. While psoriasis can occur anywhere on the body, scalp psoriasis characterizes this condition when it occurs on the scalp, along the hairline, on the forehead or face and behind the ears. Scalp psoriasis is a form of plaque psoriasis and often, as the result of the buildup of dry, dead skin, flaking will occur or the patches will thicken to form scale-like plaques.
The severity of scalp psoriasis varies from person to person. Some will experience one or a few small patches while others may develop patches across the entire surface of the scalp. Some lesions cause little discomfort and can go unnoticed, while others may become painful, swollen, itchy, dry and/or inflamed. In rare cases, temporary hair loss may occur as the result of excessive scratching or harsh treatments.
Causes and risk factors
Unfortunately, scientists haven’t determined a specific cause for psoriasis, but genes are likely to play a role. According to Mayo Clinic, one in three individuals affected with psoriasis has a close relative that also suffers from the disease. Other factors can increase the risk of developing psoriasis and/or scalp psoriasis, including:

• obesity
• HIV
• strep throat
• smoking
• stress

Many sufferers find that certain environmental factors can cause an outbreak or worsen an existing bout. Potential triggers include infection, minor skin irritations including scratches, scrapes or sunburn, cold temperatures, alcohol and certain medications. An important step in controlling scalp psoriasis is to identify the specific factors that may influence your condition and work to control or reduce them in your daily lifestyle.
Treatment options
Scalp psoriasis can easily be misdiagnosed as dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis, so it’s important to visit the doctor or dermatologist if you experience any unusual symptoms. He or she will likely do a small skin biopsy in order to properly diagnose the condition. Even though there isn’t a cure for scalp psoriasis, there are treatments and lifestyle remedies that can significantly improve symptoms. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and most medications intended to treat scalp psoriasis contain similar ingredients as those that treat psoriasis on the body.

• Mild to moderate: For a mild case of psoriasis, using specially formulated shampoos or topical creams that contain coal tar and non-coal tar is an effective treatment that hydrates skin while relieving itchiness and inflammation.


• Product picks: Tarsum Shampoo/Gel from Summers is a therapeutic shampoo that features a special applicator cap to apply the product directly on psoriasis plaques.
For a moisturizing and healing cream, Mushatt's No. 9 Scalp Cream blends urea, sweet almond oil, sesame seed oil and salicylic acid to relieve itching, stop flaking and restore moisture for a healthier scalp.  

• Severe cases: For severe cases of scalp psoriasis, your doctor may prescribe a topical treatment. Prescription medications including Anthralin, Calcipotriene (Dovonex), Tazarotene (Tazorac) or corticosteroids. These treatments vary in strength and each has different potential side effects.
In addition, your doctor may recommend biologics, which are oral drugs that work to improve immune function and may relieve the symptoms of scalp psoriasis. Talk to your doctor about which medication is right for you.

Phototherapy, or the use of UV light, is also incorporated into the treatment of scalp psoriasis, and at-home devices with comb-light attachments are available. This method can be less effective on the scalp, however, as hair creates a barrier between the light and the lesions, and some doctors caution about the risk factor of skin cancer. Talk with your doctor about the lifestyle factors that may influence your condition. Certain changes like reducing alcohol consumption, reducing stress and quitting smoking can help improve existing cases while preventing new outbreaks.
All forms of psoriasis, including scalp psoriasis, are often accompanied by mental and emotional challenges that only make dealing with the physical symptoms more difficult. Many find the visible plaques, scales and flaking to be unattractive, uncomfortable and embarrassing, causing stress, social anxiety and depression. When treating the physical symptoms of psoriasis, be sure to talk with your doctor about coping mechanisms to help deal with the mental stigma as well. Although there is no cure, with a diligent treatment plan, you can control the symptoms and prevent future outbreaks of scalp psoriasis for skin that looks and feels better.
http://www.skincare-news.com/a-9484-Scalp_Psoriasis_The_Basics.aspx 

Scalp Folliculities

if you’ve got stubborn red bumps on your scalp or hairline, you may be dealing with a case of scalp folliculitis, a condition caused by damaged hair follicles invaded by bacteria or fungus. While mild forms usually clear up on their own within two weeks, more severe cases can require prescription treatments. Learn the basics of how to address this condition and keep it from recurring.

How to identify scalp folliculitis
Folliculitis is the term for inflammation of the hair follicles and can occur anywhere that hair grows on your body. Since follicles are densest on the scalp, this is a common place for inflammation to develop. It typically shows up as itchy white or red pimples on the scalp or hairline.
Scalp folliculitis may resemble acne, but there is a difference between the two conditions: acne is a noninfectious form of folliculitis triggered by oil or bacteria clogging pores, while scalp folliculitis is usually due to infection with staphylococcus bacteria or a fungus that infects the damaged hair follicle.
Symptoms of scalp folliculitis vary according to the type of infection:

• Superficial folliculitis, which affects the upper part of the hair follicle, is characterized by:
  • Red, inflamed skin
  • Clusters of tender or itchy red bumps that develop around hair follicles
  • Pustules that open and crust over

• Deep folliculitis, which starts deeper in the skin and affects the entire hair follicle, includes the following symptoms:
  • A swollen bump or mass on the scalp
  • Pus-filled blisters
  • Possible scars once the infection is clear

A more severe form of folliculitis, known as “hot tub folliculitis,” results from coming into contact with bacteria that live in warm, wet areas – such as a hot tub that hasn’t been adequately chlorinated. Within several hours to two days of exposure to contaminated water, a rash of red, itchy round bumps will appear and may later develop into small pustules. This type of folliculitis can be painful and resistant to treatment.
Causes and risk factors
Scalp folliculitis can affect anyone, but some factors make people especially susceptible. Possible causes include:

• Chronic skin conditions, such as eczema or dermatitis
• Diseases that lower your resistance to infection, such as diabetes or HIV
• Friction from shaving
• Sweating

There are also forms of folliculitis that are non-infectious, such as those caused by oils and grease that clog up the hair follicles.
When folliculitis is severe, the inflammation is so intense that it can permanently destroy the hair follicles, leading to hair loss. Deep folliculitis can also result in scarring.
Home treatments
Mild folliculitis typically heals on its own within about two weeks, with the aid of over-the-counter antibiotic ointments if necessary. To treat scalp folliculitis at home, try the following options:

• A warm, moist compress or washcloth made with white vinegar can relieve itching and ease discomfort.

• Shampoo frequently using a medicated shampoo or one with tea tree oil – an essential oil that has effective germicidal and antibacterial properties, according to Dr. Andrew Weil.

• For a natural approach, Dr. Weil recommends supplementing your diet with GLA (gamma-linolenic acid) and omega-3 fatty acids, which promote healthy growth of skin, hair and nails.

• Apply an oatmeal lotion, or an over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream, to the affected area to ease itchy skin.

If the infection is more severe, you may need antibiotic or antifungal pills. See a doctor as soon as possible if: the infection spreads to other areas or keeps recurring; you develop a fever; or the infected area becomes red, swollen and painful.
Tips for prevention
Scalp folliculitis may not always be preventable, but there are ways to help stave off possible infection or keep it from recurring.

• Bathe or shower daily, especially after exercise.
• Use a clean towel every time you bathe, and don’t share towels with others.
• Avoid scratching the bumps.
• Don’t use oils on your skin and scalp, since they can trap bacteria in your hair follicles.
• Only use hot tubs that have been properly disinfected.

Scalp folliculitis can be a minor inconvenience or a more painful condition – either way, it helps to educate yourself on the basics of causes, treatment and prevention so you can keep your scalp clear and healthy.
 source: http://www.skincare-news.com/a-8489-Scalp_Folliculitis_The_Basics.aspx

Ginjal II

Your blood carries oxygen and nutrients to your organs and tissues, and carries waste products to be flushed out of your body. Your kidneys control this process.
Your Kidneys:

• Control the balance of water in your body
• Tell your body when to start and stop making oxygen-carrying red blood cells
• Control how acidic your blood is
• Filter your blood and pass the waste products on to your bladder as urine
• Control your blood pressure

Your kidneys do three main jobs:

1. Carry blood to and from the filters inside the kidney
2. Filter blood
3. Carry waste to your bladder

 

Symptoms of Kidney Disease

Kidney diseases can cause abnormalities in each kidney function, for example:

• Abnormal control of the amount of water in your body causes accumulation of too much water resulting in swelling (edema)
• Telling your body to stop making red blood cells causes too few red blood cells in the blood (anemia)
• Abnormal control of how acidic your blood is causes too much acid in the blood (acidosis)
• Reduced filtering of blood causes accumulation of waste products (such as urea) in blood (uremia)
• Abnormal control of your blood pressure causes higher than normal blood pressure (hypertension)

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The Nephron

NEPHROS is the Greek word for kidney. Your kidney doctor is called a NEPHROLOGIST because he treats kidney diseases.The tiny structures that do the work in your kidneys are called NEPHRONS. Each of your kidneys contains about one million nephrons. Each nephron has a small blood vessel that brings in unfiltered blood, a GLOMERULUS (glow-mare-Yule-us) that filters the blood, a tubule that caries away filtered waste materials in the urine, and a small blood vessel that returns filtered blood to the body.

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The Glomerulus

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Glomerular Disease

Diseases that injure GLOMERULI (plural for glomerulus) are called GLOMERULAR DISEASES.  Laboratory analysis of the urine from people who have glomerular disease often shows protein in the urine (proteinuria) and blood in the urine (hematuria).

For more information, read:
http://www.unckidneycenter.org/kidneyhealthlibrary/glomerulardisease.html

How much cholesterol should I eat on a low cholesterol diet?

The risk for cardiovascular disease increases when blood cholesterol is high, and your cholesterol of 250 mg is in the high range; however, you need a fasting lipoprotein profile that measures LDL (the "bad cholesterol"), HDL (the "good cholesterol") and triglycerides before making therapeutic decisions. If your risk for heart disease is moderate or high, follow these diet recommendations:

• limit dietary cholesterol to 200 mg a day
• limit saturated fat to 7% of total calories (19 grams a day for you)
• limit total fat to 25 – 35% of total calories (66 – 97 grams a day for you)
• increase fiber to 25 - 38 grams per day (38 grams a day for you)
• limit sodium to 2300 mg per day
• exercise for at least 30 minutes a day and do weight-training twice a week

caloriecount.about.com/cholesterol-eat-low-diet-q3018
http://www.livestrong.com/article/352605-pork-cholesterol/

Mengolah daging babi dengan sehat

 Raw fresh Pork

 Daging merah seperti daging babi merupakan salah satu menu sumber protein yang sehat. Dalam setiap 100 gr daging babi mentah terkandung 18-32 gr protein (variatif, tergantung jenis bagian-bagian tubuhnya). Kadar proteinnya menandingi kandungan protein di setiap 100 gr sapi yaitu 36 gr. Namun, perlu diingat juga, tingkat kolesterol yang tinggi pada daging merah (khusunya daging babi), jadi jangan berlebihan mengkonsumsinya. 

Meski demikian,dalam 3 oz (28gr) sirloin roast pork (daging bagian punggung) hanya terkandung 3 gram lemak (66mg kolesterol) dan 116 kalori serta 23 gram protein sementara dalam sirloin roast sapi terkandung 19 gr protein. Kandungan lemak yang rendah ini membuat daging babi menjadi salah satu menu sumber protein yang sehat.  Selain itu, cara pengolahannya juga mempengaruhi kandungan lemak didalamnya. Agar tidak menambah kandungan lemak dan kalori pada olahan daging, jangan tambahkan minyak saat memasak.

Tips mengolah daging babi yang sehat

1. Trim/pemangkasan
   Untuk daging babi yang sehat dan rendah lemak, buang semua serat lemak pada daging sebelum memasak. Gunakan pisau yang tajam,dan tarik ujung serat nya untuk menciptakan tegangangan dan memudahkan pengirisan. Jika daging telah bebas dari lemak, masak atau simpan dikulkas untuk diolah kemudian.

2. Marinade/perendaman.
   Rendam daging sebelum dimasak agar lebih empuk dan juicy.  Jika air rendaman asam, serat daging akan rusak dan mengakibatkan kemampuan daging menyerap dan menahan air meningkat sehingga daging lebih lembab dan lembut nantinya. Agar lebih sehat, buat larutan rendamanmu sendiri yang bebas gula, minyak dan pengawet. Campurkan bumbu-bumbu seperti kecap,air lemon, cuka, dan zat asam lainnya. Lada hitam, cuka anggur merah, serbuk rosemary, bawang putih, jeruk lemon, dan campuran lainnya juga enak ditambahkan pada daging. Kreasikan saja. Rendam daging dalam plastik yang terkunci rapat. Lalu simpan di kulkas. Daging dapat direndam sampai lima hari. Semakin lama direndam,semakin kuat rasa bumbunya. Namun, hati-hati menjaga sterilitasnya , jangan sampai dagingnya busuk (Menurutku daging babi yang dijual di pasar tradisional kurang terjaga kebersihannya karena terpapar udara luar. Jadi, jangan terlalu lama merendamnya). Setelah direndam, daging dikeluarkan untuk diolah. Air rendamannya dapat dibuang atau diolah kembali menjadi saus pelengkap daging.
   http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/cook-healthy-pork-tenderloin-chops-3198.html

3. Masak
   Daging yang telah direndam tadi dapat di grilling/broiling (dipanggang diatas kisi-kisi/lempengan besi), pan-searing (dipanggang di panci), braising, steaming, baking. Tentunya semuanya bebas minyak sehingga lebih sehat. Agar daging tidak lengket di panci, letakkan daging pada panci yang dingin lalu masak, selain itu hal tersebut juga membantu memanaskan cairan pada daging hingga terbentuk karamel. Jika ingin lebih sehat lagi, masukkan daging dalam kertas kalkir (parchment paper), sehingga betul-betul bebas minyak, sebelum dipanggang diatas panci atau dikukus. Panggang daging hingga kecoklatan(kecuali daging yang dikukus).

4. Suhu memasak
   Agar sehat, masak daging hingga matang. Daging harus dimasak hingga bagian dalamnya mencapai suhu 145* Fahrenheit (62,77*celcius). Kalau daging babinya dari babi yang hidup liar/bebas bukan dikandang dengan makanan yang lebih variatif, suhu memasaknya harus lebih tinggi lagi, masak hingga bagian dalam daging bersuhu 160*fahrenheit (71.111celcius). Daging sisa dapat disimpan di kulkas selama 2 hari. Bisa juga dibekukan tetapi kualitasnya akan menurun dalam 4 bulan.

Selamat memasak..

cuap-cuap:

 Daging merah memiliki kualitas protein yang baik dan beragam dengan nutrisi yang tinggi dibandingkan daging ayam. Namun, karena tingkat kolesterol yang tinggi jangan berlebihan mengkonsumsinya.

Telur juga memiliki tingkat kolesterol yang tinggi (160 mg/telur). Jadi, gak sehat dikonsumsi berlebih, maksimal 2 telur/hari. Batas konsumsi kolesterol 200mg-250mg perhari.

 Ikan sangat sehat, tapi tergantung pengolahannya juga.

 Daging ayam tergolong  rendah kolesterol dan tinggi protein dibandingkan daging merah, namun kualitas protein dan nutrisinya lebih rendah dari daging merah.

Kolesterol dibutuhkan dalam pembentukan hormon, vitamin D, melindungi sel dan dibutuhkan dalam pencernaan. Namun, tingkat kolesterol yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan gagal jantung. Darah yang begitu kental dan lengket juga dapa menyebabkan tekanan darah tinggi dan stroke. Selain itu, hati juga memproduksi kolesterol sehingga kita hanya membutuhkan sedikit saja tambahan kolesterol dari makanan.

Jadi kalau kamu pecinta daging merah,  jangan lupa untuk mengkonsumsi cukup sayur dan buah. alpukat, kiwi dan buah 2 lainnya sangat bagus dikonsumsi sebagai counter attack kolesterol.

kandungan kolesterol pada setiap 3 oz daging (28 gr):

Daging babi	50mg-105mg
Daging sapi	90 mg
Salmon	42 mg
Ayam	72 mg

baca juga:
http://www.healthaliciousness.com/articles/foods-highest-in-protein.php

Daging babi

50mg-105mg

Daging sapi

90 mg

Salmon

42 mg

Ayam

72 mg

What is retinal detachment?

Lepasnya Retina adalah masalah serius yang membutuhkan pertolongan medis sesegera mungkin. Jika tidak segera mendapatkan pertolongan, sel retina akan mati karena kehilangan supply nutrisi dari mata, dan kebutaan tidak dapat dicegah.

sympton:

• kilatan2 cahaya2 ( sudden flashes of light ),
• munculnya floaters yang mengganggu pandangan (sudden apperance of many floaters
• ada spot gelap
• menyempitnya area pandangan (peripheral vision loss)
• garis terlihat bergelombang ( wavy lines )
• sometimes-no shymptom

cause:

 Retinal detachment can occur when vitreous liquid (vitreous humor) leaks through a retinal hole or tear and accumulates underneath the retina. Small retinal holes or tears can develop where the retina has thinned due to aging or with other retinal disorders. Retinal detachment due to a tear in the retina typically develops when there is a sudden separation of the vitreous from the retina. Less commonly, fluid can leak directly underneath the retina, without a tear or break. 

As liquid collects underneath it, the retina can peel away from the underlying layer of blood vessels (choroid). The areas where the retina is detached lose their blood supply and stop functioning, so you lose vision. 

 

orang-orang yang berpotensi:

• penderita miopia yang tinggi
• penuaan
• orang-orang yang aktif - petinju, dsb
• memiliki sejarah lepasnya retina dalam keluarga

pencegahan:
pemeriksaan mata secara teratur

waspada akan benturan dan tekanan pada bola mata

perhatikan gejalanya

bagi penderita dengan resiko pelepasan retina, jauhi aktivitas yang sangat aktif, yang dapat meningkatkan tekanan pada bola mata, seperti bungee jumping, rolercoaster rides, skydiving, karate/kick boxing

Sumber:

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/retinal-detachment/DS00254/DSECTION=preparing-for-your-appointment

http://www.visivite.com/stores-sd-html--ylt-aswlscfiypu-a-ju8bqpa5yceb0f--ylu-x3odmtbsn2podhrpbf9zazk2mjc2nzy0bhnlywnzdg9yzq.html

http://www.visivite.com/stores-sd-html--ylt-aswlscfiypu-a-ju8bqpa5yceb0f--ylu-x3odmtbsn2podhrpbf9zazk2mjc2nzy0bhnlywnzdg9yzq.html

apa sih Thiamphenicol?

Thiamphenicol adalah antibiotik yang sering digunakan dalam pengobatan ternak. Hanya beberapa negara yang membeikan izin penggunaan Thiamphenicol sebagai obat pada manusia.

Thiamphenicol termaksud widespectrum antibiotic, dan berdasarkan cara kerjanya dapat digunakan sebagai bakteristatic maupun bakterisida- tergantung dosis dan jenis bakteri yang dihadapi. Thiamphenicol menghambat sintesa protein yang dibutuhkan bakteri untuk menggandakan diri.

Dimasa depan Thiamphenicol memiliki potensi sebagai obat untuk mengatasi infeksi yang resistant terhadap antibiotik biasa, karena bakteri biasanya resistant terhadap antibiotic yang umum digunakan.

Kemungkinan bahaya dari penggunaan Thiamphenicole:

Kerusakan sel darah- yeah, setiap obat pasti ada efek sampingnya, makanya jgn sakit,,, >.<''

Dosis:

Infeksi saluran pernafasan	500 mg, 3 kali sehari selama 5 hari
Inf. Saluran kemih	500 mg, 4xsehari selama 5 hari
Inf. Saluran cerna	500 mg, 3x sehari selama 5 hari

Penggunaan:
Dikonsumsi saat perut kosong, 1-2 jam sebelum/sesudah makan

PERHATIAN:
Harus dengan resep dokter

sumber:

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-thiamphenicol.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1166296

http://www.farmasiku.com/index.php?target=categories&category_id=282

http://xx-antibiotik.blogspot.com/

http://apotik.medicastore.com/index.php?mod=obat&id=5902&name=THIAMPHENICOL+500+MG+

Bukan Untuk Ahli Bedah Plastic

Sebelumnya saya minta maaf apabila ada  tulisan di blog ini yang menyinggung perasaan anda.
Sungguh saya tidak punya maksud apa-apa.

Hanya  ingin menyampaikan pikiran saya.

 

Saya  bingung kenapa wanita tergila-gila dengan payudara besar. Padahal itu kan hanya seonggok lemak. Payudara besar memang indah dibalik  sweater, tapi sekali lagi itu hanyalah seonggok lemak, yang bahkan tidak  gunanya.  Ya, memang tidak ada gunanya, selain memberimu sakit punggung, sakit leher, goncangan yang berlebihan ketika bergerak dan iritasi akibat gesekan saat bergerak diantara kedua payudara  besar akibat beban yang dimilikinya.

Yang menjadi dasar disini adalah kegunaan payudara. Kegunaan payudara adalah untuk menyusui dan ukuran payudara tidak ada hubungannya dengan banyaknya produksi air susu yang dihasilkan. Bahkan ada kecenderungan lebih sulit menyusui karena payudara ibu yang besar dapat menghalangi bayi untuk bernafas saat menyusu.

Yang paling menyedihkan adalah kenyataan bahwa payudara tersusun dari jaringan lemak yang membuatnya begitu lembut dan menyenangkan untuk disentuh, tetapi  juga sangat rentan akan, you know-sagginess and sellulite ketika ukuran mereka sangat besar.

Disini saya tidak merendahkan wanita dengan payudara besar, sama sekali tidak. Bahkan menurut saya  pria  lebih tertarik dengan wanita  yang memiliki payudara besar  dibandingkan dengan wanita dengan boyish figure. Well, semua ada sisi negatif dan positifnya. Dimana  dengan memiliki boyish figure, itu artinya no pain on chest when running , no back pain and neck pain, you can go braless in your home which is more healthy and can prevent cancer, without worrying about sagginess, saving your money because you can use your bra more longer  and so on.

 

Yang ingin saya tekankan disini adalah untuk mensyukuri apa yang kita miliki. You know, "Beauty is on the eye beholder".

Saya sangat prihatin dengan wanita-wanita yang begitu berusaha keras untuk meningkatkan ukuran payudaranya. Menempuh berbagi macam cara, mulai dari Pumping,herbs, even danger stuff like plastic surgery. Mereka rela mengorbankan payudara mereka, kesehatan mereka, kenyamanan mereka hanya untuk looking good in clothes. They change those small, cute and soft breast with big, hard, unnatural shape sillicone breast. Belum lagi ditambah resiko lainnya seperti cancer, missplaced, infection, poisoning because of broken sillicone etc.

Oh girl, just embrace your self, the way it is. Your big fascinating, medium pretty, small cute and comfort. They are all beautifull!

Keep Healthy and happy, guys.

i'm proud to be an indonesian and i love my country and i pray for my country.

❤ Ginjalku

Keep Your Kidneys Healthy

The steps you take to keep your kidneys healthy help the rest of your body too. Talk to your health care provider to find out the steps that are right for you.

If you are at risk for kidney disease, the most important steps you can take to keep your kidneys healthy are:

• Get your blood and urine checked for kidney disease.
• Manage your diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.

Tips to help keep your kidneys healthy:

Keep your blood pressure at the target set by your health care provider. This can delay or prevent kidney failure. If you have diabetes, control your blood glucose level. Keep your cholesterol levels in the target range. Take medicines the way your provider tells you to. (Important! Certain blood pressure medicines called ACE inhibitors and ARBs may protect your kidneys. Ask your health care provider for more information.) Cut back on salt. Aim for less than 1,500 milligrams of sodium each day. Choose foods that are healthy for your heart: fresh fruits, fresh or frozen vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy foods. Limit your alcohol intake. Be more physically active. Lose weight if you are overweight. If you smoke, take steps to quit. Cigarette smoking can make kidney damage worse.

When you see your provider, ask:

• What is my GFR?
• What is my urine albumin result?
• What is my blood pressure?
• What is my blood glucose (for people with diabetes)?

How do you know your kidneys are unhealthy?

If a doctor tells you that you’ve less than 100 per cent kidney function, you should be very concerned. Kidneys rarely get better, and almost always deteriorate - fortunately this is usually a slow process.

If you are ever told this by your doctor, make sure you have a regular blood test (called a creatinine) for the rest of your life.

Symptoms of kidney failure don’t usually occur until you have less than 20 per cent function. By this time, dialysis is usually inevitable. However, there are steps you can take to prevent this from happening:

• Don’t smoke; it’s the only thing you can do directly to affect the health of your kidneys. Smoking furs the artery to the kidney, which can cause kidney failure. Smoking also affects the blood vessels to the heart and brain in the same way, causing heart attacks and strokes. Unfortunately when damage has occurred, stopping smoking has little effect, so it’s important not to start in the first place.
• Keep to a healthy weight. Obesity leads to type 2 diabetes which is the most common cause of kidney failure.
• Make sure your blood pressure is normal. High blood pressure can damage the kidneys. Make sure you have it checked regularly, and that it is consistently below 130/80 mmHg. If you’re in an ‘at risk’ group, you should make sure it’s checked regularly, and start treatment if it goes up.
• Family history. If you know that someone else in your family has kidney failure, or has ever had dialysis or a transplant, get your kidneys checked with blood and urine tests, and an ultrasound. There are several inherited forms of kidney failure, the commonest being polycystic kidney disease.

For people who only have one kidney, it’s best to avoid contact sports such as karate, that might damage the kidney. Fortunately the kidneys are well protected by the ribcage at the back, so are rarely affected by trauma

Kidney infections and stones

If you’re regularly diagnosed with urinary tract infections (including cystitis) it’s important to start taking antibiotics as soon as they’re prescribed, and make sure you have a urine sample taken straight after the infection, to confirm it has gone.

If you have kidney stones, and pass a stone in your urine, this doesn’t mean an end to the problem. Ask your doctor to see if there is anything you can do to prevent it happening again. Make sure the doctor checks (with another x-ray) that there are no further stones, potentially damaging the kidney.

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Prostate problems

Prostate problems are very common in men over 50, and are usually due to enlargement of the prostate gland, causing problems passing urine. A slowly growing prostate gland can silently damage the kidneys over a period of years. So, it‘s worth having regular blood tests of kidney function to monitor the situation.

Some people think that alcohol damages the kidney, which is a popular myth, as it mainly affects the liver. Many people also think drinking a lot of water is good for the kidney, as it ‘flushes it out’. Again, there’s no medical evidence for this idea.

Care should be taken with the use of non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen. They can be dangerous if taken in high dosage over a number of years, and can cause kidney failure.

Although most causes of damage to the kidneys is irreversible once diagnosed, ESRF requiring dialysis or transplants is extremely rare.

read also:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions/in_depth/kidneys/

http://nkdep.nih.gov/learn/keep-kidneys-healthy.shtml